Activation of fatty acids In the cytosol, long-chain fatty acids are activated by ATP and CoA, forming fatty acyl CoA Short-chain fatty acids are activated in ATP is. Fatty Acid Metabolism Transcript Fatty Acid Metabolism LEARNING OBJECTIVES Fatty acids are an important energy source, for they yield over twice as much energy as an equal mass of carbohydrate or protein. In humans, the primary dietary source of fatty acids is triacylglycerols. This exercise will describe the metabolism of fatty acids. The two main components of fatty acid metabolism are b oxidation and fatty acid synthesis. Upon completion of this exercise, you will understand that the fatty-acid breakdown reactions of b oxidation result in the formation of reduced cofactors and acetyl-CoA molecules, which can be further catabolized to release free energy. You will also understand that the oxidation of unsaturated, odd-chain, and very-long-chain fatty acids requires additional enzymes, some of them in peroxisomes. In addition, you will understand how fatty acid synthesis resembles and differs from b oxidation. FATTY ACID ACTIVATION Triacylglycerols are carried by lipoproteins to tissues, where hydrolysis releases their fatty acids from the glycerol backbone. Fatty acids enter the cell and are activated in the cytosol. This activation costs two ATP equivalents per fatty acid. Most of the activated fatty acids are then shuttled into the mitochondria for b oxidation, but a small percentage are carried to the peroxisomes. STEPS OF b OXIDATION The activated fatty acid is called a fatty acyl-coenzyme A, or fatty acyl-CoA. In the first step of b oxidation, an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of the acyl group, resulting in the formation of a double bond between carbons two and three. The two electrons removed from the acyl group are transferred to an FAD prosthetic group. These electrons are transferred to ubiquinone through a series of electron transfer reactions. In the second step of b oxidation, a hydratase adds a molecule of water across the double bond produced in the first step. In the third step of b oxidation, another dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of the hydroxyacyl group. In this case, NAD + is the cofactor. The fourth and final step of b oxidation is called thiolysis. CHAPTER 27: Fatty Acid. Degradation of TAGs to FAs and glycerol. Activation of Fas. Odd-Chain Fatty Acids 5 ATP 1.5 ATP 1 ATP 2.5 ATP. FATTY ACID ACTIVATION. This activation costs two ATP equivalents per fatty acid. Fatty acid metabolism is important to the function of many cells. Activation of Fatty Acids by a Guanosine Triphosphate-specific Thiokinase from Liver Mitochondria*. GTP could replace ATP in the assay for fatty acid thiokinase. Activation of Fatty Acids by a Guanosine Triphosphate-specific Thiokinase from Liver Mitochondria*. GTP could replace ATP in the assay for fatty acid thiokinase. In this step, a thiolase catalyzes the release of acetyl-CoA from the ketoacyl-CoA. ENERGY YIELD OF OXIDATION One round of b oxidation yields three products—one ubiquinol cofactor, one NADH cofactor, and one molecule of acetyl-CoA. During the citric acid cycle, the acetyl-CoA is used to produce three NADH cofactors, one ubiquinol cofactor, and one molecule of GTP. During oxidative phosphorylation, each ubiquinol cofactor is used to produce two ATP molecules, and each NADH cofactor is used to produce three ATP molecules. The GTP molecule is equivalent to one ATP molecule. In all, one round of b oxidation produces the equivalent of 17 molecules of ATP. Since two ATP equivalents were used for the activation step, the net yield is 15 molecules of ATP. OXIDATION OF PALMITATE The fatty acid we started with was palmitate. Let’s determine the energy yield for the complete b oxidation of this 16-carbon fatty acid. Palmitate goes through seven rounds of b oxidation, each of which yields products equivalent to seventeen molecules of ATP. The final product of complete b oxidation is an additional molecule of acetyl-CoA, which is equivalent to twelve molecules of ATP. In all, the complete b oxidation of palmitate produces 131 molecules of ATP. Subtracting the initial ATP investment for activation yields 129 molecules of ATP from a single molecule of palmitate. UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS Many common fatty acids contain cis double bonds. These double bonds present an obstacle to the enzymes of b oxidation. Let’s follow the oxidation of linoleate to see how these metabolic obstacles are removed. The first three rounds proceed normally. However, the enoyl-CoA that begins the fourth round has a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms and is not recognized by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Instead, an enoyl-CoA isomerase converts the cis 3-4 double bond to a trans 2-3 double bond so that b oxidation can continue. Since the enoyl-CoA isomerase reaction bypasses the ubiquinol-producing step of this round of b oxidation, the energy yield for this round is 15 ATP molecules, rather than 17. Another problem arises in the fifth round. Step one proceeds as normal, but the resulting molecule has two double bonds: one at the 2-3 position, and one at the 4-5 position. The enoyl-CoA hydratase of step two cannot recognize this dienoyl-CoA. This problem is overcome by reducing the dienoyl group, but the reaction requires an investment of one NADPH cofactor, which is equivalent to three ATP molecules. After enoyl-CoA isomerase acts, the acyl group can continue through the pathway. Linoleate goes through eight rounds of b oxidation. If linoleate did not have double bonds, this would result in a total of 146 molecules of ATP. However, because of the corrections for the double bonds, the total yield is 141 molecules of ATP per molecule of linoleate. In general, double bonds that begin at odd-numbered positions cost the equivalent of two ATP molecules, and double bonds beginning at even-numbered positions cost the equivalent of three ATP molecules. ODD-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS Most fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms, since they are built from two-atom acetyl units, as we’ll see momentarily. However, some plant and bacterial fatty acids have an odd number of carbon atoms. Such odd-chain fatty acids yield a three-carbon propionyl-CoA after the final round of b oxidation. This intermediate is further metabolized through a series of reactions, both in the mitochondria and in the cytosol. Essentially, to get rid of the one extra carbon atom, one ATP molecule was invested, and the process produced the equivalent of nine additional ATP. Therefore, to calculate the energy yield of the complete b oxidation of an odd-chain fatty acid, add eight to the total for a fatty acid with one less carbon atom. VERY-LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS Fatty acids with chains that contain twenty-two or more carbon atoms are called very-long-chain fatty acids. While shorter fatty acids are oxidized in the mitochondria, very-long-chain fatty acids begin b oxidation in the peroxisomes. This process is almost identical to b oxidation in the mitochondria, with one key difference. Instead of reducing ubiquinone in the first step, the peroxisomes produce hydrogen peroxide. This peroxide can be used in other reactions to oxidize toxic substances in the cell. Each round of b oxidation in the peroxisomes produces the equivalent of fifteen molecules of ATP—two less than b oxidation in the mitochondria. However, peroxisomes usually do not completely degrade the fatty acids. Because the enzymes in peroxisomes have a low affinity for short-chain fatty acids, shortened fatty acids are transported to the mitochondria to finish b oxidation. SYNTHESIS VS. OXIDATION At first glance, fatty acid synthesis appears to be the exact reverse of b oxidation—fatty acyl groups are built and degraded two carbon atoms at a time, and several of the reaction intermediates in the two pathways are similar or identical. However, the pathway for fatty acid synthesis cannot be the exact reverse of b oxidation; since b oxidation is thermodynamically favorable, the reverse process is thermodynamically unfavorable. Thus, fatty acid synthesis requires a large investment of energy in the form of ATP. STEPS OF SYNTHESIS Let’s take a closer look at the steps of fatty acid synthesis. Before fatty acid synthesis can begin, an acetyl group must be transferred from coenzyme-A to an acyl carrier protein, called ACP. The first step in the cycle adds a two-carbon unit to the growing fatty acid. The two carbon atoms come from malonyl-CoA, which is produced from acetyl-CoA in a reaction requiring one molecule of ATP. In the second step, NADPH is used to reduce the ketoacyl-ACP from step one. In the third step, hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydrase catalyzes the removal of a water molecule from the hydroxyacyl-ACP produced in step two. In the fourth step, a second NADPH-dependent reduction converts the enoyl-ACP produced in step three to a fatty acyl-ACP two carbon atoms longer than the starting substrate. In all, adding two carbon atoms to the fatty acid costs the cell one ATP and two NADPH molecules. PALMITATE SYNTHESIS Palmitate synthesis requires seven rounds of fatty acid synthesis. In all, this costs the cell 49 ATP equivalents. After the final round of fatty acid synthesis, a fatty acyl thioesterase catalyzes the removal of the fatty acid from the acyl carrier protein. FATTY ACID SYNTHASES In bacteria and chloroplasts, fatty acid synthesis is carried out by several enzymes. In mammals, the main reactions of fatty acid synthesis are carried out by one multifunctional enzyme made of two identical polypeptides. Packaging several enzyme activities into one multifunctional protein like mammalian fatty acid synthase allows the enzymes to be synthesized and controlled in a coordinated fashion. Also, the product of one reaction can quickly diffuse to the next active site. CONCLUSION Fatty acid metabolism is important to the function of many cells. Note that in fatty acid synthesis, the chain is extended two carbon atoms at a time, at the expense of ATP. In fatty acid oxidation, the chain is degraded two carbon atoms at a time, producing ATP. The two pathways are regulated so that a cell can synthesize energy-storing fatty acids in times of plenty, and oxidize the fatty acids when the cell needs to generate ATP. • Activation of fatty acids • In the cytosol, long-chain fatty acids are activated by ATP and CoA, forming fatty acyl CoA • Short-chain fatty acids are activated in • ATP is converted to AMP and pyrophosphate (PPi) when a fatty acid is activated. • The PPi produced during the reaction is cleaved by pyrophosphatase to two inorganic phosphates (Pi). Thus, two high-energy bonds are required for fatty acid activation. • Transport of fatty acyl CoA from the cytosol into mitochondria • Cytosolic fatty acyl CoA reacts with carnitine in the outer mitochondrial membrane, forming fatty acyl carnitine via carnitine acyl transferase I (CAT I), also called carnitine palmitoyl trans-ferase I (CPT I). • Fatty acyl carnitine passes to the inner membrane, where it reacts with carnitine acyl transferase II (CAT II) to reform fatty acyl CoA, which enters the mitochondrial matrix. • CAT I • catalyzes the transfer of acyl groups from coenzyme A to carnitine, • inhibited by malonyl CoA, an intermediate in fatty acid synthesis. • Therefore, when fatty acids are synthesized in the cytosol, malonyl CoA inhibits their transport into mitochondria, preventing a futile cycle (synthesis followed by immediate degradation). • Inside the mitochondrion, fatty acyl CoA undergoes beta-oxidation. • Beta-Oxidation of even-chain fatty acids • Beta-Oxidation of a fatty acyl CoA is a four-step process. • The first three steps are similar to the TCA cycle reactions that convert succinate to OAA. • These steps are repeated until all carbons of even chain fatty acyl CoA are converted to acetyl CoA • Step 1: FAD accepts hydrogens and electrons from fatty acyl CoA • A double bond is produced between the alpha-and beta-carbons,and an enoyl CoA is formed. • FADH2 produced interacts with the electron transport chain, generating ATP. • Enzyme for this reaction is acyl Co A dehydrogenase. • Step 2: H2O adds across the double bond, via enoyl CoA hydratase, and a beta-hydroxyacyl CoA is formed. • Step 3: beta-Hydroxyacyl CoA is oxidized by NAD+ to a b-ketoacyl CoA. • NADH produced interacts with the electron transport chain, generating ATP. • Enzyme for this reaction is L-3-hydroxy acyl CoA dehydrogenase (specific for the L-isomer) • Step 4: Bond between the alpha- and beta-carbons of the beta-ketoacyl CoA is cleaved by a thiolase that requires coenzyme A. • Acetyl CoA is produced from the two carbons at the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl CoA, with remaining carbons forming a fatty acyl CoA that is two carbons shorter than the starting fatty acid. • The enzyme is beta-ketothiolase. • The shortened fatty acyl CoA repeats these four steps. • The spiral continues until all the carbons of the original fatty acyl CoA are converted to acetyl CoA. • The complete oxidation of the 16-carbon palmitoyl CoA undergoes seven repetitions of the oxidation spiral. • In the last repetition,a four-carbon fatty acyl CoA (butyryl CoA)is cleaved to 2 molecules of acetyl CoA. • Energy generated from beta-oxidation. (Very High yield area for MD Entrance) • When 1 mole of palmitoyl CoA is oxidized, 7 moles of FADH2, 7 moles of NADH, and 8 moles of acetyl CoA are formed. • Each of the 7 moles of FADH2 generates about 5 moles of ATP, for a total of about 10.5 moles of ATP. • Each of the 7 moles of NADH generates about 5 moles of ATP, for a total of about 17.5 moles of ATP. • Each of the 8 moles of acetyl CoA can enter the TCA cycle, each producing about 10 moles of ATP, for a total of about 80 moles of ATP. • With oxidation of one mole of palmitoyl CoA to CO2 and H2O, a total of about 108 moles of ATP are produced. • The net ATP produced from one mole of palmitate is about 106 moles because palmitate undergoes activation (requiring two high-energy bonds pre mole) before oxidation ( 108 ATP – 2 ATP [to represent the two high-energy bonds] = 106 ATP). • Oxidation of odd-chain • produce acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA. • These fatty acids repeat the four steps of the b-oxidation spiral, producing acetyl CoA until the last cleavage when the three remaining carbons are released as propionyl CoA. (MCQ) • Propionyl CoA,but not acetyl CoA,is converted to glucose. • omega-Oxidation of fatty acids • The (omega)-carbon (the terminal methyl carbon) of fatty acids is oxidized to a carboxyl group in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. (MCQ) • -Oxidation then occurs in mitochondria at this end as well as from the original carboxyl end, assuming that -oxidation is functional. • Oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids in peroxisomes (MCQ) • The process differs from -oxidation in that molecular O2 is used in the first oxidation step, which forms hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), without the generation of FADH2. • NADH is generated in the second oxidation step of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. • Shorter-chain fatty acids travel to mitochondria, where-oxidation occurs, generating ATP. • -Oxidation of fatty acids • Branched-chain fatty acids are oxidized at the -carbon in brain and nervous tissue • carboxyl carbon is released as CO2. • Once the carboxyl carbon is released, in most cases, normal -oxidation can degrade the rest of the branched-chain fatty acid. • Applied aspects: • Primary carnitine deficiency i • a deficiency of the plasma membrane carnitine transporter • leads to urinary wasting of carnitine • Subsequent depletion of intracellular carnitine impairs transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria, limiting fatty acid availability for oxidation and energy production. • CAT I deficiency • results in intermittent ataxia, oculomotor palsy (cranial nerve [CN] III), hypotonia, mental confusion, and disturbance of consciousness. • Medium-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency • a deficiency of one of the acyl CoA dehydrogenases, which oxidizes fatty acids between 6 and 10 carbons long • The defect is manifested when serum glucose levels are low (hypoglycemia) because of fasting, infection, or increased amount of time between feedings. • Fatty acids cannot be fully oxidized as an alternate form of energy in individuals with this disorder. • Zellweger syndrome • a peroxisomal disorder • result in accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids • Clinical manifestations include congenital craniofacial dysmorphism, psychomotor retardation, and seizures • Death results in the first year of life. • Adrenoleukodystrophy • Very-long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the brain (causing demyelination) and in the adrenal cortex (causing degeneration) • inability to transport very-long-chain fatty acids into peroxisomes. • Clinical manifestations include psychomotor retardation and seizures.
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• Be sure your new phone's battery is fully charged. • Keep your phone and its box handy in case you need information from them (don't worry, we'll point out where to look). • To complete the activation, you will need to using your username and password. This step must be completed using a laptop or desktop, only. Do not use a cell phone. If you are not the owner of the main account, log in and we'll help you request permission. • You can activate a different phone on your line, or you can move phones to another line on the same account. At the end of your lease, you'll still need to return or purchase the original phone, even if it's active on another line. Sprint makes it simple to swap your old phone for a new one. Before you get started, it's a good idea to back up device contacts and content. Make sure your new phone's battery is charged • Ensure both your new phone and the old one are powered off • Go to from a laptop or desktop computer • Sign in to with an authorized username and password • Select your device or number from the 'New device to activate' area. • Back up your device content and contacts if necessary. Click 'Continue' • If your new phone is displayed, confirm it and continue. If the info displayed does not match your new phone, enter device identifier info: (DEC, HEX or IMEI). • Review your plan choice and add-ons (this is a great time to add TEP if you don't already have it) • Click Activate • Power on, set up your new phone, make a test call, and check that data is active If you encounter an error message at any point during the activation you may be able to chat for assistance. When chat is available, you should see a 'CHAT' bubble on the right hand side of the window. Watch our short video on the activation process. How to Unlock your Sprint Phone or Tablet. Here's what you need to know to free your phone or tablet from the Sprint network: which devices are eligible. Unlike other Call of Duty video games, in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, players can by typing directly several codes. All cheat codes (cheats) that can be used on PC while plating CoD 4: Modern Warfare, are presented in the guide below. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare was released on November 5, 2007 and is available for Xbox 360, PC, PlayStation 3, Nintendo Wii and Nintendo DS. It was rated M for Mature and is a FPS developed by Infinity Ward. To develop Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, a group of 100 people worked for two years. It was the first COD video game to feature a different environment. In the previous titles the action took place during the World War II, but this time the developers moved the action to recent times, with modern weapons and equipment. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare Cheats. PS3, PC, Xbox 360| Submitted by dave. Pause the game before entering this code. For the gameplay to look as real as possible Infinity Ward made tests at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twenty-nine Palms using real weapons. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare is the first Modern Warfare title in the CoD series of video games, and the fourth major installment in the franchise published by Activision. The Wii version of the game was developed by Treyarch, while the conversion to Mac was made by Aspyr Media. After the official release date, Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare received positive scores from critics and reviewers as well as multiple awards. Some of these awards are: Best Action Game Award from GameCritics Best Graphics Award and Best PS3 Game Award from GameTrailers Best Shooter Award and Best Sound Design Award from X-Play Best Overall Game of the Year Award from GamePro Best Xbox 360 Game Award and Best Shooter of 2007 Award from IGN How to cheat in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare on PC using cheat codes In order to type in the Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare cheat codes, players must activate the games console: Start the game and enter the options screen. Press ~ and type: seta thereisacow “1337” Press Enter. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare Cheats For Xbox 360 • Prestige Mode This is a multiplayer-only mode, and to get it you must reach experience level fifty-five. Instead of capping out at level fifty-five, Prestige Mode allows you to start again from level one. This can be done a total of ten times. Contributed by: XCommander • Cheats Cheats are unlocked by collecting enemy intel, which look like laptop computers, that are hidden throughout the campaign. Note: Using cheats disables Achievements. Unlockable Unlockable Collect 15 pieces of enemy intel. A Bad Year: When you kill enemies, they explode into a bunch of old tires! Collect 10 pieces of enemy intel. Cluster Bombs: After one of your frag grenades explodes, four more explode in a cross-shape pattern. Collect 2 pieces of enemy intel. CoD Noir: Simply turns all gameplay turns black and white, giving the game a classic war movie feel. Collect 30 pieces of enemy intel. Infinite Ammo: Wepaons have unlimited ammo, you don't even need to reload! Doesn't work with single-shot weapons like C4 and Claymores. Collect 4 pieces of enemy intel. Photo-Negative: Inverses all of the colors of the game. Collect 8 pieces of enemy intel. Ragtime Warfare: Gameplay goes black-and-white, dust and scratches fill the screen, it plays at 2x speed, and the music becomes piano music. Collect 20 pieces of enemy intel. Slow-Mo Ability: By using the melee button, you can change the game to slow-mo and play at half-speed. Collect 6 pieces of enemy intel. Super Contrast: Dramatically increases the game's contrast, making the darks much darker and the lights much lighter. Contributed by: a_big_galoot • Unlock Arcade and Cheat Option These Unlock automatically for completing Call of Duty 4: modern Warfare on and difficulty level. Cheat menu can be found during gameplay in the options menu. Unlockable Unlockable Complete game on any difficulty Arcade Mode Complete game on any difficulty Cheat Menu Contributed by: MrNihon • Achievements Complete each achievement to get the allotted gamerscore. Achievement Achievement Shoot down an enemy helicopter with an RPG in the single player campaign Bird on the Ground (20) Kill the power Dancing in the Dark (20) Kill an enemy while blinded by a flashbang in the single player campaign Daredevil (10) Operate an AC-130 gun ship Death From Above (20) Complete the game on Hardened or Veteran difficulty Deep and Hard (90) Corner Zakhaev's Son Desperate Measures (20) Survive a dog attack Down Boy Down (20) Complete F.N.G. Earn a Winged Dagger (20) Find 30 enemy intel items Eyes and Ears (20) Kill 4 enemies in a row with headshots in the single player campaign Four of a Kind (20) Complete 'All Ghillied Up' without alerting any enemies Ghillies in the Mist (20) Find 15 enemy intel items Look Sharp (20) Infiltrate a cargo ship Make the Jump (20) Save the farmer Man of the People (10) Sky dive to safety on Veteran difficulty Mile High Club (20) Complete the cargo ship mockup in less than 20 seconds New Squadron Record (20) Stab an injured crawling enemy No Rest for the Weary (10) Carry Cpt. MacMillian to safety Piggyback Ride (20) Save Pvt. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare Cheats For PlayStation 3 • Collect All Intel Pieces Cheats are unlocked not by inserting passwords, but by acquiring the thirty Intel Pieces strewn throughout the game. The more of them you collect, the more cheats you can access. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare Cheats For PC • Call of Duty 4 Demo & Full Game Cheats Cheat Codes (DEMO VERSION) Enable the console from the game's in-game options. Hit the tilde key (~) to drop the dev-console. Type seta thereisacow '1337' and then press ENTER. Type spdevmap bog_a and then press ENTER. This will start the demo with cheats enabled. When playing, drop down the dev-console and enter the following codes and hit ENTER to activate or toggle them. Cheat Codes (COMPLETE VERSION) Same as above but after you load up the spdevmap bog_a exit out and load the level you are currently at, or a new game. You can not select 'resume' and have the cheats function you can however select the map/act you want to start at with the cheats enabled. Effect Effect give all Access All Weapons cg_LaserForceOn 1 Add Laser Sights to ALL Weapons jump_height # Adjust Gravity Default = 39 timescale # Adjust Time Default = 1.00 sf_use_ignoreammo 1 Allows you to shoot without reloading. R_fullbright Easier to see things notarget Enemies Ignore You give ammo Full Ammo god God Mode demigod God mode but screen still shakes kill Kill player noclip No Clipping Mode take all Removes all your guns and health take ammo Removes your ammo cg_drawGun Removes Your Gun ufo Same as noclip? Player_sprintSpeedScale Set player's sprint speed cg_laserlight 1 To draw the light emitted from the laser cg_fov Zoom with any Gun Contributed by: skylerz, iEplekjekk, Manny59, Lethalmonkey • Unlock Arcade Mode and Cheats Option After completing the game, these options are automatically awarded to you. Unlockable Unlockable Complete the game on any difficulty. Arcade Mode Complete the game on any difficulty. Cheats Menu Contributed by: defy unbanned • Epilogue Mission If you sit through the credits at the end of the game, there's one more mission available. Unlockable Unlockable View the ending credits to unlock one final mission Epilogue Mission Contributed by: MrNivek5150 • Golden 'camouflage' for weapons (multiplayer). There is one golden version for one weapon in each class of weapons in the game. Unlockable Unlockable Complete all the headshot challenges for all the weapons in the Assault Rifle weapon class. Golden AK47 (Assault Rifle) Complete all the headshot challenges for all the weapons in the Shotgun weapon class. Golden Auto Shotgun (Shotgun) Reach Rank 55 Golden Deagle (Handgun) Complete all the headshot challenges for all the weapons in the Light Machine Gun weapon class. Golden M60 (Light Machine Gun) Complete all the headshot challenges for all the weapons in the Sub-Machine Gun weapon class. Golden Mini-Uzi (Sub-Machine Gun) Complete all the headshot challenges for all the weapons in the Sniper Rifle weapon class. Golden SVD (Sniper Rifles) Contributed by: Techno_Man Walkthroughs & FAQs Type Name File Size General FAQs 87K General FAQs 47K General FAQs 89K General FAQs 108K General FAQs 145K In-Depth FAQs 15K In-Depth FAQs 72K In-Depth FAQs 82K In-Depth FAQs 16K In-Depth FAQs 27K In-Depth FAQs 26K. Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare Cheats For Wii • Multiplayer Level Up List A list of what you unlock when you advance a level in Multiplayer. For Pokemon Emerald Version on the Game Boy Advance, a GameFAQs Answers question titled 'How do I get Mystery Gift???' Shiny Rayquaza Available In Mystery Gift Box For. Rayquaza would also be the cover star for the “Ruby” and “Sapphire” spinoff game “Pokemon: Emerald. Yes u need a friend for the mystery gift.U can only activate it. How do you activate the mystery gift in Pokemon emerald? Or send an email to support@answers. I have the visual boy advance emulator with wireless adapter. When i go to mystery gift(pokemon emerald) and i click on wonder card and then friend to search i can find the second player but when i click to start the mystery gift the emulator it says awaiting 'player name' respond and then it crushes. I have the visual boy advance emulator with wireless adapter. When i go to mystery gift(pokemon emerald) and i click on wonder card and then friend to search i can find the second player but when i click to start the mystery gift the emulator it says awaiting 'player name' respond and then it crushes. What do i need to do this work? Some BIOS maybe? • Tell us some more • Upload in progress • Upload failed. Please upload a file larger than 100 x 100 pixels • We are experiencing some problems, please try again. • You can only upload files of type PNG, JPG or JPEG. • You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG or RM. • You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. • You can only upload videos smaller than 600 MB. • You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). • You can only upload a photo or video. • Video should be smaller than 600 MB/5 minutes • Photo should be smaller than 5 MB •. Rivet City History It's time for a bit of a journey into the past. Your new mission is to figure out the exact history behind the establishment of Rivet City. There is naturally a lot more footwork to this then you might imagine. First, make sure that you don't talk to Dr. You'll also find the RobCo Production Mainframe, your goal. Activate it and install the processor widget. All the machines and defenses in the facility will activate and turn hostile, so promptly hack the terminal [Average]. Select the 'Cease Total Liquidation' command to make the robots friendly, and select the 'Initiate Pest. Li unless you have already meet her as part of the main quest. It will mess things up a bit if you meet her now. Then just go inside and start asking people. Someone should point you toward Bannon. You can go to him first if you want. He'll tell you that he founded the city, which seems unlikely. Time to fact check. You should be able to talk to Belle Bonny or Seagrave Holmes to get the real story. A man named Pinkerton was apparently one of the first founders. You need to find him in the abandoned part of the ship. You can also take a different route to find this out. If you start with Vera Weatherly, she'll just refer you to Seagrave Holmes in the first place. It is important to talk to a few people first though. Otherwise the quest might not register both objectives. If you go to Pinkerton immediately, the game has been known to not record it correctly. Getting to Pinkerton isn't that hard actually. If you have 100 points in Lockpick, then you can just walk down the other pier and pick the very hard lock to get inside. If not, then get down into the water and swim in between the crack. Then look down to see an access point. Enter this underwater door and swim along the ship's corridors. Move quickly and get out of the water to fight a few Mirelurks. You can't fight them underwater, so move quickly. Widgets and RobCo Factory This is actually a pretty fun and easy test. You just have to take this widget and pop it into the RobCo mainframe. You'll need 50 points in Science if you want to complete the optional objective though. If you already have the Robotics Expert perk, then you can just explain it all to her and accomplish both objectives. If not, then head into the marked factory. It's to the southwest of Megaton and near Tenpenny Tower. Go inside and watch out for the radroaches and mole rats hanging around down here. They are the only enemies you'll face though, so don't worry too much. All the robots are inactive. Go upstairs and work your way to giant mainframe that should be marked on your local map. Then just activate it to pop in the widget. Alright, now hack the computer quickly. The robots are on their old setup to defend the factory against a Communist invasion. That means that they'll shoot you on sight. Hack the computer terminal and change the settings. You can just shut them down, but that's no fun. Turn off the third line of code to make them friendly to you. Then turn on their pest control and stress test routines. This makes them hunt the radroaches and also shoot each other. It also counts for hacking the mainframe and completes the optional objective. You can then walk out peacefully and loot a lot of good equipment on the way out. Report back to Moira for your loot. You'll get some pulse grenades and a big book of science for your efforts. You can give a snide answer or use your Strength, Charisma, or Intelligence. A Trip to the Library This one is actually pretty easy and a little cool. The Arlington Library is marked on your map. It's in the same basic vincity as the RobCo Factory. Just walk over to the front door and go inside. Scribe Yearling stops you at the door. Don't be a jerk. Be nice and explain that you're looking for the archives. She'll give her own little quest and the password for the check-in desk. You can use this to get the card catalog, but you might as well just get that later since we're doing the optional quest. The Brotherhood of Steel is already trying to secure the library, so it actually isn't a hard level. Go past Yearling and into the next area of the library on the first floor. Follow the 2 Brotherhood of Steel soldiers and help them kill the 7 or so raiders in here. They're pretty effective, so they should take out a few on their own. Go forward and to the right on the first floor to find the door to the Media Archives. Go up the stairs and watch out for a baseball machine. Kill the 3 raiders who should come charging out. They shouldn't be well armed, so just shoot them before they get into melee range. Advance and turn to the right. Go down the marked corridor. Go into an office on the left side and climb up the collapsed sections of floor. Move forward and go through the wire mesh. There are about 5 raiders in the area with the computer. There might be one with a missile launcher. Shoot him first obviously. Then take out the other 4 and work your way to the central computer in the room. Access it and download the entire library archives and go ahead and dowload the card catalog too. There is also a safe in the corner that should have a good deal of caps in it, so pick that if you can. Also grab the pre-war book by the archives. It's an easy 100 caps. Backtrack out and claim your reward from Yearling for the book. Then go to Moria and make your final report. Like always, you can give a snide answer or use Endurance, Intelligence, or Agility to answer the question. She'll reward you with some caps and a Speech book as a reward. Aftermath Alright, the quest is now complete. Moira will give you a rough draft of the first book. You should be able to judge how your input affected the final product. You will receive a mini nuke as a reward for your quest, a bit of good karma, and finally the Survival Expert Perk that you earned. If you completed all 9 of the optional objectives, then you will be a Survival Guru. This means a +6% to rad resistance and poison resistance. You will also receive a unique bonus depending on your answers. As I suggested at the beginning of the guide, you should probably have gone for snide or tough. This would result in a +3% to critical hit chance or a +6 to your damage resistance. There are also some skill boosts for the others. As a side note, you will eventually come across a wasteland survivor with the book. If you wrote a good one, then they will survive their fight and reward you with a bit of money. Other than that, you're done with all of Moira's quests. You just completed one of the largest quest lines in Fallout 3. Here is simple tip how to remove activation wizard or to install Microsoft office 2007 with full version. First, you need to have Microsoft Office 2007 in your computer. To download Microsoft office 2007. (Skip this step if in your computer already installed Microsoft Office 2007) After downloaded, run and install that file in your computer. Required key to active? Don't worry just it leave blank and install without key. How to active/remove Microsoft Office 2007 activation wizard? 1) Copy and paste Proof.XML file from C: Program Files Common Files Microsoft Shared OFFICE12 Office Setup Controller Proof.en to your desktop. 2) Open Proof.XML file from your desktop using Notepad/WordPad and find Feature Id='SetupXmlFiles' After that word you will see OptionRef Id='AlwaysInstalled'. Change word ' AlwaysInstalled' to ' NeverInstalled' and save it. 3) Now copy Proof.XML file from your desktop and replace the existing file in C: Program Files Common Files Microsoft Shared OFFICE12 Office Setup Controller Proof.en You're done!! Now open Microsoft Office 2007 and one again you will see activation popup. Just click active and a message will appear 'Thank you, your product has been activated.' Close and open again. No more popup appear. Microsoft Office 2007 is an excellent suite of business applications for word processing and creating presentations. How to Remove Office 2007 Activation. Service Pack 3 provides the latest updates to the 2007 Microsoft Office Suite Microsoft office 2007 activation patch download. This update also applies to Microsoft. Microsoft Office 2007 Activation Patch mediafire links free download, download شبكة ريال مدريد العربية Microsoft Office 2007 Activation Keys. Don't forget to join my website and start making money from your home by completing offers or survey. Just click the banner below. Post Updated. Please read the FAQ and search before posting. Want your device type and iOS version next to your username? Latest Jailbreaks iOS 10.x BETA jailbreak for 32-bit devices. IOS 10.2.1 BETA jailbreak for some 64-bit devices. IOS 10.0.1-10.2 jailbreak for 64-bit devices. IOS 9.3.5 jailbreak for 32-bit devices. IOS 10.3.x for 64-bit devices, 11.0 and later for all devices do not have a jailbreak. Visit the wiki for a. Subreddit Filters Useful.. I have a question for all you iOS Power Users out there: I am using a Logitech H800 Bluetooth headset. When my iPhone 6 is connected to my car via bluetooth, saying 'Hey Siri' and then waiting will make it activate over bluetooth, otherwise I need to speak quickly, using the mic in the phone, then it. Sep 20, 2016. Use the shortcuts to answer calls and activate Siri. The reason for this all comes down to one thing: software. Apple's new iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are likely to be the biggest selling smartphones of 2016. Image credit: Apple. Unlike analog 3.5mm pairs, Lighting jack-based earphones and headphones. Help and Answers • Got a confusing Cydia error message?. • Jailbreaking question? First try and sorting by 'new'. Also consider trying the. • Curious about learning how to develop tweaks? Check out the (and its IRC channels), including. • Curious about how jailbreaks work? • What to install? • of tweak releases, updates, and other interesting news discussed on. • Unofficial Cydia search sites:,,. • Jailbreak News and Reviews News: YouTube:, Rules • does not allow piracy tools, sources, or websites. No pirated tweaks, apps, etc. Please also do not post or advertise products or services that are in violation of the trademarks of others or mirrors. • Themes (and theme-related questions or news), setup showcases, and all questions regarding aestethic-oriented tweaks should be posted in. Likewise, sideloading-related posts should be posted in. • Posts without tags will be automatically removed by AutoModerator. Tags let readers automatically hide posts using and sort through topics that interest them. • No misleading/sensationalized titles, and titles must contain at least three words (excluding tags). Use detailed titles for both news and questions. Also, link to the source of news, such as the developer who made the announcement, instead of linking to blogspam. • No memes, image macros, DAE posts, or shitposts. Similar low-quality/low-effort posts will be removed. Please read for clarification. • No posts about removing passcodes from locked devices or bypassing Activation Lock. • Giveaways cannot require more than comments for people to be eligible - no requiring likes/follows/etc. • Do not make posts asking for people to donate money to you by free will or by the sale of any item. If you're in need of free money, check out. • Be civil and friendly. No egregiously insulting/rude, sexist, racist, homophobic, transphobic, etc. Comments or posts. Additionally, do not be rude or unhelpful when responding to posts tagged [Question]. Visit the wiki for a Subreddits We Like • • • • • • • • Subreddits for specific tweaks: • • • • • • • • • Subreddit banner by • • •. Thanks for the reply. Bluetooth earphones/headphones won't work if you have Siri disabled on lockscreen (not 100% sure about iOS 9 and wired headphones, but this doesn't work on iOS 8, and definitely doesn't with via Bluetooth). And unless you have a 6s/6s+, which has the hardware to handle 'Hey Siri', you're going to get serious battery drain. Older iPhones lack that hardware, and so this feature only works when the phones are plugged in on such models. Otherwise the always-on listening would drain the battery too quickly. This is why I think a Siri-enabled Bluetooth tweak would be useful. I've never heard of anything and I've been looking for over a year. I want it to use with my wireless bluetooth shower speaker so i can change songs with my voice, but have never found anything. Honestly, if you know anything about programming (I do, I code for a living) the odds of their being a detectable event for a long press of the pause button over the bluetooth framework is slim to none. Why would apple add a hook for a long press of a pause button for instance? Even Activator itself only hooks into existing system events, it doesn't create it's own, because creating events would require non-stop monitoring for the activation event. For instance: for a long press pause event to work with bluetooth speakers, unless there is a default in the iOS framework, someone would have to write an event that 'listens' for a long press of a pause button. This listening would eat through battery, because the CPU would have to be constantly processing bluetooth inputs waiting to see if a long press occured. Even if someone could write this tweak, it would have a very similar battery footprint to Hey Siri, because it would effectively be doing the same thing: constantly checking an input to determine an action. Microsoft office 2010 is amongst the world's most widely used text processor. Microsoft Office 2010 product key or activation keys can be used to activate your trial or limited edition of Office 2010 suite. After activating your version of Microsoft office you can avail full features of any of office 2010 applications including Microsoft word 2010, Excel, Outlook and PowerPoint. What’s Make Microsoft Office 2010 Special? On June 22 2013 11:46 Avs wrote: Try the instructions. Recently I have been using a command in the console to join the Perfect World server with the same european steam client: dota_matchgroups 2064. However, everytime I log on to the PW client, I am still required to enter in an activation code. Mar 14, 2014. ********** Not receiving activation code to complete account registration: Published 02:57 PM| Updated 12:03 PM I didn't get the activation code to finish my registration. If you are getting a message regarding. Although Microsoft has release two latest version of its popular product e.g. Office 2013 and 2016 but Microsoft office 2010 is still considered to be the most efficient and task oriented version of Microsoft Office series. Microsoft office 2010 version came up with more technically advance features and enhanced graphical user interface that let you complete your daily task more efficiently and in productive way. Microsoft Office 2010 Product Key: BDD3G-XM7FB-BD2HM-YK63V-VQFDK Office Key 2016: BHKT8-WX3MG-T2WCQ-XK23M-WKJ44 Office 2010 key: VYBBJ-TRJPB-QFQRF-QFT4D-H3GVB Microsoft Office Professional Product Key 32 bit: 6QFDX-PYH2G-PPYFD-C7RJM-BBKQ8 76XCJ-YMH2W-YQQV6-XX76X-QK3K7 FJDHB-D2KBB-XJK2Y-FCWGH-63J23 TTK27-44W3B-PVC8K-XJQW8-KJMVG BDD3G-XM7FB-BD2HM-YK63V-VQFDK TTK27-44W3B-PVC8K-XJQW8-KJMVG 27Q72-3YY8D-VVW2Y-9XXKF-6FQBP TVFJ7-76TR7-HHCKT-QQFJR-8KTTD PYMDW-8DFY2-Y68BB-XHDGD-CT443 W4D2C-3YK88-KMYP2-2QTXY-28CCY 2RTF3-FGDG4-JYXFQ-HVWGY-FDB4D Microsoft Office Product Key 64 bit. DownloadKeeper.com provides 24/7 fast download access to the most recent releases. We currently have 385,762 direct downloads including categories such as: software, movies, games, tv, adult movies, music, ebooks, apps and much more. Our members download database is updated on a daily basis. Take advantage of our limited time offer and gain access to unlimited downloads for FREE! That's how much we trust our unbeatable service. This special offer gives you full member access to our downloads. Take the DownloadKeeper.com today for more information and further details! Ulead Video Studio 11.5 Activation Code was added to DownloadKeeper this week and last updated on 24-Dec-2017. New downloads are added to the member section daily and we now have 385,762 downloads for our members, including: TV, Movies, Software, Games, Music and More. It's best if you avoid using common keywords when searching for Ulead Video Studio 11.5 Activation Code. Words like: crack, serial, keygen, free, full, version, hacked, torrent, cracked, mp4, etc. Simplifying your search will return more results from the database. The word 'keygen' means a small program that can generate a cd key, activation number, license code, serial number, or registration number for a piece of software. Keygen is a shortcut word for Key Generator. A keygen is made available through crack groups free to download. When writing a keygen, the author will identify the algorithm used in creating a valid cd key. Once the algorithm is identified they can then incorporate this into the keygen. If you search a warez download site for 'ulead video studio 11.5 activation code keygen', this often means your download includes a keygen. Learn how to set up and activate your Shaw digital box. Know what to expect when the installation goes well, and what to do if it doesn’t. Nov 22, 2012 How to get digital channels without dta converter comcast. My parents with Comcast and somehow activate it. Learn how to properly connect and activate your Shaw cable box. Digital boxes featuring the Shaw High Definition Guide (including the DCX3200 and DCX3510). To keep your TV service working, call us today. Once Shaw's network upgrade is complete in your area, you will need a Shaw Digital Box connected to your TV to keep your TV service working. Please call us now at 1-888-294-7581 or visit your nearest to order your complimentary Digital Box.* A Technical Service Representative will place your order and arrange to send a Shaw installer to your home. Our installer will set up your digital service and show you how to use it at no charge.* With a Shaw Digital Box, you'll enjoy: • up to 23 additional channels • a real-time interactive Programming Guide • an intuitive remote control Please call us now at 1-888-294-7581 to keep your TV service working. BlackBerry smartphones can be activated on a BlackBerry Enterprise Server Express 5.0 SP1 to 5.0 SP3 with either a BlackBerry Enterprise Server or a BlackBerry Internet Service data plan from the wireless service provider. Note: • BlackBerry smartphones that have only a BlackBerry Internet Service data plan must use a Wired activation type, unless the Enterprise Activation application for BlackBerry smartphones from BlackBerry AppWorld available is used. • BlackBerry smartphones that have a BlackBerry Enterprise Server data plan can be activated either using a Wired or Wireless activation type. Before attempting an activation, use to identify which activation methods are available for the BlackBerry smartphone. Depending on the recommendations from the BlackBerry Expert Support Center Enterprise Activation Readiness tool, the following are methods to assign and activate BlackBerry smartphones to BlackBerry smartphone user accounts: # Method Activation Type Description BlackBerry Administration Service Wired To activate BlackBerry smartphones before distributing them to BlackBerry smartphone users by connecting the BlackBerry smartphones to a computer and logging in to the BlackBerry Administration Service. Over the wireless network Wireless New and existing BlackBerry smartphone users can activate their BlackBerry smartphones without requiring a physical connection to the organization's network. Note: BlackBerry smartphones that have a data plan for BlackBerry Internet Service only, cannot be activated over the wireless network, unless the Enterprise Activation application for BlackBerry smartphones from BlackBerry AppWorld. Over the local area network (LAN) Wired New and existing BlackBerry smartphone users can activate their BlackBerry smartphones by connecting them to a computer that has the BlackBerry Desktop Manager installed and is connected to the organization's network. BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager Wired New and existing users can activate their BlackBerry smartphones by connecting their BlackBerry smartphones to a computer and visiting the BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager web site. Over the organization's Wi-Fi network Wireless To activate Wi-Fi enabled BlackBerry smartphones over an organization's Wi-Fi network. Note: BlackBerry smartphones that have a data plan for BlackBerry Internet Service only cannot be activated over the organization's Wi-Fi network. Requirements: The BlackBerry smartphone must have an active BlackBerry Enterprise Server and/or BlackBerry Internet Service data plan with the wireless service provider. Note: This method allows Administrators to activate multiple BlackBerry smartphones users. • Connect the BlackBerry smartphone to a computer that can access the BlackBerry Administration Service. • Log in to the BlackBerry Administration Service. • On the Devices menu, expand Attached devices. • Click Manage current device. • Click Assign current device. • Search for a BlackBerry smartphone user account. • In the search results, click the display name for a BlackBerry smartphone user account. • Click Associate user. • Click Assign current device. Requirements: The BlackBerry smartphone must have an active BlackBerry Enterprise Server data plan with the wireless service provider. To activate a BlackBerry smartphone over the wireless network, an administrator must assign an activation password to the BlackBerry smartphone user account. The BlackBerry smartphone user then activates the BlackBerry smartphone using the desired email address and the provided activation password. To send an activation password to a BlackBerry smartphone user, complete the following steps: • In the BlackBerry Administration Service, on the BlackBerry solution management menu, expand User. • Click Manage users. • Search for a user account. • In the search results, click the display name for the BlackBerry smartphone user account. • In the Device activation list, click Specify activation password. • In the Activation password and Confirm password fields, type an activation password. Note: The password must not contain special characters. Some BlackBerry smartphones do not support special characters and do not unlock when a BlackBerry smartphone user types a password that contains special characters. • In the Password expiration (hours) field, type the amount of time that can elapse before the activation password expires. • Click Specify activation password. The BlackBerry smartphone user can start the wireless activation process after receiving the password by completing the following steps: For BlackBerry Device Software 4.1 to 5.0: • On the BlackBerry smartphone, click Options > Advanced Options > Enterprise Activation. • Enter the email address associated with the BlackBerry smartphone user account in the Email field. • Enter the Activation Password provided by the administrator. • Press the Menu key and select Activate. For BlackBerry OS version 6 to 7.1: • On the BlackBerry smartphone, click Options > Device > Advanced System Settings > Enterprise Activation. • Enter the email address associated with the BlackBerry smartphone user account in the Email field. • Enter the Activation Password provided by the administrator. • Press the Menu key and select Activate. Note: A BlackBerry smartphone cannot be activated over the wireless network or over the organization's Wi-Fi network if the BlackBerry smartphone has a data plan for BlackBerry Internet Service only, unless the Enterprise Activation application for BlackBerry smartphones from BlackBerry AppWorld available is used. Aug 04, 2012 Can someone please give me instructions on how to activate an old blackberry through My Verizon? Requirements: The BlackBerry smartphone must have BlackBerry Enterprise Server and/or BlackBerry Internet Service data plan. BlackBerry smartphone users can activate BlackBerry smartphones by connecting them to a computer that has the BlackBerry Desktop Manager installed. The BlackBerry Desktop Manager must be configured with the BlackBerry smartphone users' work email account and a network connection to the BlackBerry Enterprise Server Express must be present. During the activation process, the BlackBerry Desktop Manager prompts users to associate the BlackBerry smartphone with their work email account and to generate encryption keys. To activate a BlackBerry smartphone using the BlackBerry Desktop Manager, complete the following steps: • Install BlackBerry Desktop Manager on the BlackBerry smartphone user's computer. • Connect the BlackBerry smartphone. • Generate a encryption key when prompted to start the activation process. Requirements: The BlackBerry smartphone must have an active BlackBerry Enterprise Server and/or BlackBerry Internet Service data plan with the wireless service provider. BlackBerry smartphone users can activate BlackBerry smartphones by connecting them to a computer using a USB cable or Bluetooth connection and logging in to the BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager. During the activation process, the BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager prompts BlackBerry smartphone users to associate the BlackBerry smartphone with their email accounts and to generate encryption keys. Once the activation process has started, the BlackBerry Enterprise Server Express begins to reconcile email messages and synchronize organizer data through the wired connection. If the wired connection is interrupted, the activation will continue over the wireless or Wi-Fi network. To activate a BlackBerry smartphone using the BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager, complete the following steps: • Log in to the BlackBerry Web Desktop Manager. • Connect the BlackBerry smartphone. • Generate an encryption key when prompted to start the activation process. Requirements: The BlackBerry smartphone must have an active BlackBerry Enterprise Server data plan with the wireless service provider. BlackBerry smartphone users can activate Wi-Fi enabled BlackBerry smartphones over an enterprise Wi-Fi network in environments that have the following characteristics: • BlackBerry smartphones can connect to their organization's Wi-Fi network but cannot connect to the wireless network. • BlackBerry smartphone users did not install the BlackBerry Desktop Manager on their computers. To activate BlackBerry smartphones over an enterprise Wi-Fi network, configure the BlackBerry Router as a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) client. For information on how to configure the BlackBerry Router, refer to the Administration Guide for. Note: BlackBerry smartphones that have a data plan for BlackBerry Internet Service only cannot be activated over an organization's Wi-Fi network, unless the Enterprise Activation application for BlackBerry smartphones from BlackBerry AppWorld available is used. *228 is the trigger for a user-initiated Over-The-Air (OTA) handset provisioning session in a CDMA network. It is primarily used to activate new handsets However, some operators allow it to be used to trigger a refresh of settings (including PRL). PRLs are normally pushed to the handset without any action or knowledge of the user. A user may miss such an update if their handset is switched off or otherwise in use. If they notice they have problems obtaining service when they roam, rather than wait for the next schedule PRL push, they can use *228 to 'Pull' a PRL refresh. LTE handsets can be provisioned by SIM OTA (download of files and settings directly to the SIM). However, LTE handsets offered by Verizon and Cricket etc. Must be capable of service on CDMA networks as well. (They will roam into areas not covered by LTE.) It is up to the operator whether they allow such handsets to be provisioned by CDMA OTA (in addition to SIM OTA). It seems that Verizon have disabled this capability (at least the ability to pull provisioning settings). Interestingly, it now seems that there is no way for a subscriber to pull settings to their handset. They must wait for the next PRL download from the operator, whether by SIM OTA or CDMA OTA. Note: CDMA OTA is defined in the and also supports the configuration of LTE settings. Hi Philip, I am not actually a Verizon subscriber myself. (I was simply adding what I know about CDMA OTA procedures to a discussion that was rapidly descending into the superstition of SIM toasting! ) I don't know for sure but I think it unlikely that disabling LTE would have any effect. Because there is no CSFB in CDMA networks, LTE capable handsets must be connected to both LTE and CDMA networks at all times. (They use LTE for data and CDMA to make/receive calls and SMS etc.). Verizon is not using LTE for voice calling or SMS yet so the phone's ability to call *228 or *22899 should not change. But it would be great if someone who does have an LTE-capable handset on Verizon could check it out. Hello, I can confirm that using the Verizon Wireless PRL Update number *228 option 2 will 'toast' your SIM. My phone is a new Verizon Wireless Samsung Galaxy S3. For many years, I've been in the habit of using *228 during my weekly phone backup procedure. Long ago, I had trouble roaming, and found that you cannot do the update once roaming, it is too late then, so I do it periodically. I noticed that 4G LTE was not working on my new phone, but everything else worked fine. After hours with VZW support we decided I needed a new micro SIM card. That fixed the 4G LTE service! But then within a week, I had used *228 again, and 4G service was again broken. After another hour on the phone with VZW support, I was able to talk them into letting me try another SIM. They wanted me to do a factory reset, or to replace the phone, but I knew from this thread that the problem was the SIM, and how it was being 'damaged'. They seemed unaware of any issue with using the PRL update via *228 causing any problems. So now my 4G LTE service is working fine, and I expect it to continue to do so. Thanks for saving me the hassle of burning through a couple of more SIM cards, or worse, a replacement phone or two. ~ Jeff Byers ~. Hi Jeff, There is no way that dialling *228 can 'toast ' a SIM card. What appears to have happened was that your use of the code over-wrote the LTE PRL that you new phone needs to obtain coverage in LTE networks. Verizon obviously need *228 to be available for older handsets to download standard CDMA PRLs but they do not want subscribers with LTE handsets to use it. For that they have a completely different mechanism. This is why your phone only worked on the 2G/3G networks after you used it. (The phone could not have contacted ANY network with a damaged SIM) It sounds like a factory reset would have been the quickest way to fix your issue but you seem to have convinced, not only yourself, but also Verizon Customer Care that YOU can 'toast' SIM cards.!! I congratulate you on your powers of persuasion but your reasoning is from the dark ages. You should try *228 again but this time spin yourself anti-clockwise while you are doing it. Your SIM will not be toasted but you may see dragons! I'm curious where you get your facts from. According to the Verizon Employee I spent an hour or two with from their Tech Dept upon purchase of my (and my fiance's) G-Nex about signal problems with her phone. It doesn't need the information because it updates itself. It's just a function the phone doesn't do. Furthermore, the phone just denies the action and sends toast with 'call not sent'. How would that toast your card?I had an HTC phone that would call *228. I was a major noob at the time and completely destroyed my SIM. It is confirmed to do that. They had to send me a new SIM. |
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